Femoral nerve palsy is a clinical syndrome caused by various factors, resulting in muscle paralysis and functional decline within the distribution of the femoral nerve. The femoral nerve originates from L2–L4, runs obliquely downward and laterally between the psoas major and iliacus muscles, then crosses anteriorly over the psoas major near the inguinal ligament, lying … Read more
Obturator nerve injury is a clinical condition characterized by weakness of thigh adduction and limited foot abduction, among other symptoms, caused by damage, compression, or irritation of the obturator nerve from various etiologies. The obturator nerve is formed by spinal nerves L2 and L3. It innervates the obturator externus muscle, which functions in lateral rotation … Read more
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Neuritis, also known as Meralgia Paresthetica Syndrome. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve originates from the posterior root of the L2–L3 spinal nerves. It courses along the iliac crest, the lateral border of the psoas major muscle, beneath the iliac fascia, passing anterior to the anterior superior iliac spine and the inguinal ligament. … Read more
Superior cluneal nerve injury is a clinically common pain syndrome of the upper buttock. The superior gluteal nerve is the lateral cutaneous branch of the posterior rami of the 1st to 3rd lumbar nerves. It exits from the lateral border of the erector spinae muscle, pierces the thoracolumbar fascia together with the superior gluteal artery, … Read more
Radial nerve palsy is a relatively common neurological condition in clinical practice. Its main symptom is paralysis of the forearm extensor muscles, resulting in an inability to extend the wrist joint and presenting a typical “wrist drop” sign. The radial nerve is primarily composed of motor nerve fibers; it originates from the C5 to C8 … Read more
Ulnar nerve palsy is a syndrome of muscle paralysis in the distribution of the ulnar nerve, caused by various factors that injure or compress the ulnar nerve. The ulnar nerve is a mixed nerve composed of motor, sensory, and autonomic nerve fibers. It originates from the C8 and T1 spinal cord segments and gives rise … Read more
Median nerve palsy is a condition caused by injury or compression of the median nerve due to various reasons, leading to motor and sensory dysfunction within the area innervated by the median nerve. The median nerve contains motor, sensory, and autonomic nerve fibers. It originates from the spinal cord at cervical levels 6 to 8 … Read more
Axillary nerve paralysis is a clinical syndrome resulting from injury or compression of the axillary nerve due to various causes, leading to paralysis of the muscles and cutaneous nerves within its innervation territory. The axillary nerve arises from the distal portion of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, originating from spinal nerves C5–C6. It … Read more
Long thoracic nerve palsy is a syndrome characterized by paralysis of the muscles within the distribution of the long thoracic nerve, caused by various factors that result in injury or compression of the nerve. The long thoracic nerve originates from the anterior rami of C5–C6 and a portion of C7. In the neck, it runs … Read more
Occipital neuralgia is a general term for pain involving the greater occipital nerve, lesser occipital nerve, and great auricular nerve. Greater Occipital Nerve It is the main branch of the second cervical nerve (C2), arising from the posterior ramus of C2. It emerges between the posterior arch of the atlas (C1), exits at the posterior … Read more